Habitat:

Native to tropical and subtropical regions of Africa, the Middle East, and the Indian subcontinent.

Flowering Season:

Flowers primarily during the dry season, typically in winter or early spring.

Fruiting Season:

Fruits mature several months after flowering, typically in late spring to summer.

Climate Conditions:

Thrives in hot, dry conditions, with temperatures ranging from 25°C to 40°C (77°F to 104°F). Tolerates dry conditions and can survive with minimal rainfall but grows best in areas with annual rainfall of 200-800 mm.

Seed Propagation:

Mainly propagated by seeds, though it can also be grown from root suckers. Seeds are often scarified (scratched or soaked in warm water) to improve germination, which typically takes 1-2 weeks.

Parts Used:

Gum: The tree produces gum arabic, which is used in food, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics.

Wood: The wood is used for fuel, timber, and making tools.

Bark and Leaves: Used in traditional medicine for various ailments, including fevers and wounds.

Pods and Seeds: The seeds are sometimes used in traditional remedies, and the pods can be utilized for medicinal purposes.